| Hebrew | Arabic | English | Language | |||
| After | Before | After | Before | After | Before | Skill |
| Mean (S. D) | Mean (S. D) | Mean (S. D) | Mean (S. D) | Mean (S. D) | Mean (S. D) | |
| 20.86 (3.28) | 20.66 (3.32) | 22.76 (4.35) | 22.52 (4.31) | 18.17 (3.71) | 17.97 (3.59) | Orthographic knowledge |
| F(1,58) = 0.07 | F(1,58) = 0.03 | F(1,58) = 0.104 | ||||
| 17.21 (3.43) | 16.55 (3.45) | 18.28 (3.60) | 17.79 (4.20) | 15.79 (3.66) | 15.45 (3.61) | Phonological awareness |
| F(1,58) = 0.63 | F(1,58) = 0.25 | F(1,58) = 0.10 | ||||
| 14.34 (3.10) | 14.07 (3.08) | 15.76 (3.28) | 15.21 (3.16) | 13.45 (2.89) | 13.14 (2.90) | Morphological awareness-1 |
| F(1,58) = 0.12 | F(1,58) = 0.51 | F(1,58) = 0.14 | ||||
| 18.00 (2.78) | 17.72 (2.72) | 19.59 (2.88) | 19.34 (2.87) | 15.24 (3.08) | 15.07 (3.09) | Morphological awareness-2 |
| F(1,58) = 0.26 | F(1,58) = 0.09 | F(1,58) = 0.07 | ||||
| 19.62 (2.73) | 19.38 (2.86) | 20.79 (3.53) | 20.59 (3.65) | 19.34 (3.60) | 18.97 (3.78) | Morphological awareness-3 |
| F(1,58) = 0.07 | F(1,58) = 0.06 | F(1,58) = 0.13 | ||||
| 18.69 (3.39) | 18.52 (3.44) | 20.28 (2.96) | 20.14 (3.02) | 14.66 (3.35) | 14.48 (3.23) | Syntactical awareness-1 |
| F(1,58) = 0.06 | F(1,58) = 0.07 | F(1,58) = 0.01 | ||||
| 19.90 (3.13) | 19.79 (3.10) | 20.83 (3.51) | 20.66 (3.71) | 17.86 (3.92) | 17.62 (3.83) | Syntactic awareness-2 |
| F(1,58) = 0.002 | F(1,58) = 0.004 | F(1,58) = 0.05 | ||||
| 17.76 (4.02) | 17.45 (4.09) | 19.10 (4.46) | 18.90 (4.38) | 15.21 (3.74) | 15.00 (3.86) | Reading accuracy |
| F(1,58) = 0.14 | F(1,58) = 0.10 | F(1,58) = 0.06 | ||||
| 11.55 (1.64) | 11.31 (1.69) | 11.79 (2.02) | 11.52 (1.98) | 10.45 (2.46) | 10.28 (2.37) | Reading comprehension |
| F(1,58) = 0.44 | F(1,58) = 0.40 | F(1,58) = 0.09 | ||||